Getting started with Metal3.io

Ready to start taking steps towards your first experience with metal3.io? Follow these commands to get started!

Instructions

Prerequisites

  • System with CentOS 7 or Ubuntu 18.04
  • Bare metal preferred, as we will be creating VMs to emulate bare metal hosts
  • Run as a user with passwordless sudo access

Setup

tl;dr - Clone metal3-dev-env and run make.

The Makefile runs a series of scripts, described here:

  • 01_prepare_host.sh - Installs all needed packages.

  • 02_configure_host.sh - Create a set of VMs that will be managed as if they were bare metal hosts. It also downloads some images needed for Ironic.

  • 03_launch_mgmt_cluster.sh - Launch a management cluster using minikube and run the baremetal-operator on that cluster.

  • 04_verify.sh - Runs a set of tests that verify that the deployment completed successfully

To tear down the environment, run make clean.

You can also run some tests provisioning and deprovisioning machines by running make test

All configurations for the environment is stored in config_${user}.sh. You can configure the following.

Name Option Allowed values Default
EXTERNAL_SUBNET This is the subnet used on the “baremetal” libvirt network, created as the primary network interface for the virtual bare metalhosts. 192.168.111.0/24
SSH_PUB_KEY This SSH key will be automatically injected into the provisioned host by the provision_host.sh script. ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
CONTAINER_RUNTIME Select the Container Runtime “podman”, “docker” “podman”
BMOREPO Set the Baremetal Operator repository to clone https://github.com/metal3-io/baremetal-operator.git
BMOBRANCH Set the Baremetal Operator branch to checkout   master
CAPBMREPO Set the Cluster Api baremetal provider repository to clone https://github.com/metal3-io/cluster-api-provider-baremetal.git
CAPBMBRANCH Set the Cluster Api baremetal provider branch to checkout   master
FORCE_REPO_UPDATE Force deletion of the BMO and CAPBM repositories before cloning them again “true”, “false” “false”
BMO_RUN_LOCAL Run a local baremetal operator instead of deploying in Kubernetes “true”, “false” “false”
CAPBM_RUN_LOCAL Run a local CAPI operator instead of deploying in Kubernetes “true”, “false” “false”
SKIP_RETRIES Do not retry on failure during verifications or tests of the environment. This should be false. It could only be set to false for verifications of a dev env deployment that fully completed. Otherwise failures will appear as resources are not ready. “true”, “false” “false”
TEST_TIME_INTERVAL Interval between retries after verification or test failure (seconds) 10
TEST_MAX_TIME Number of maximum verification or test retries 120
BMC_DRIVER Set the BMC driver “ipmi”, “redfish” “ipmi”
IMAGE_OS OS of the image to boot the nodes from, overriden by IMAGE_* if set “Cirros”, “Ubuntu”, “Centos” “Cirros”
IMAGE_NAME Image for target hosts deployment   “cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img”
IMAGE_LOCATION Location of the image to download http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.4.0
IMAGE_USERNAME Image username for ssh   “cirros”
IRONIC_IMAGE Container image for local ironic services   “quay.io/metal3-io/ironic”
VBMC_IMAGE Container image for vbmc container   “quay.io/metal3-io/vbmc”
SUSHY_TOOLS_IMAGE Container image for sushy-tools container   “quay.io/metal3-io/sushy-tools”
CAPI_VERSION Version of cluster API “v1alpha1”, “v1alpha2” “v1alpha2”

Using a custom image

You can override the three following variables: IMAGE_NAME, IMAGE_LOCATION, IMAGE_USERNAME. If a file with name IMAGE_NAME does not exist in the folder /opt/metal3-dev-env/ironic/html, then it will be downloaded from IMAGE_LOCATION.

Note

If you see this error during the installation:

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error: failed to connect to the hypervisor
error: Failed to connect socket to '/var/run/libvirt/libvirt-sock': Permission denied

You may need to log out then login again, and run make again.

Working with the Environment

Bare Metal Hosts

This environment creates a set of VMs to manage as if they were bare metal hosts. You can see the VMs using virsh.

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$ sudo virsh list
 Id    Name                           State
----------------------------------------------------
 6     minikube                       running
 9     node_0                         running
 10    node_1                         running

Each of the VMs (aside from the minikube management cluster VM) are represented by BareMetalHost objects in our management cluster. The yaml used to create these host objects is in bmhosts_crs.yaml.

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$ kubectl get baremetalhosts -n metal3
NAME       STATUS    PROVISIONING STATUS   MACHINE   BMC                         HARDWARE PROFILE   ONLINE    ERROR
node-0     OK        ready                           ipmi://192.168.111.1:6230   unknown            true
node-1     OK        ready                           ipmi://192.168.111.1:6231   unknown            true

You can also look at the details of a host, including the hardware information gathered by doing pre-deployment introspection.

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$ kubectl get baremetalhost -n metal3 -oyaml node-0
apiVersion: metal3.io/v1alpha1
kind: BareMetalHost
metadata:
  annotations:
    kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: |
      {"apiVersion":"metal3.io/v1alpha1","kind":"BareMetalHost","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"node-0","namespace":"metal3"},"spec":{"bmc":{"address":"ipmi://192.168.111.1:6231","credentialsName":"node-0-bmc-secret"},"bootMACAddress":"00:c2:fc:3b:8e:b5","online":true}}
  creationTimestamp: 2019-05-27T14:16:07Z
  finalizers:
  - baremetalhost.metal3.io
  generation: 2
  name: node-0
  namespace: metal3
  resourceVersion: "1180"
  selfLink: /apis/metal3.io/v1alpha1/namespaces/metal3/baremetalhosts/node-0
  uid: f878526e-8089-11e9-93f1-3c93b777d2dc
spec:
  bmc:
    address: ipmi://192.168.111.1:6231
    credentialsName: node-0-bmc-secret
  bootMACAddress: 00:c2:fc:3b:8e:b5
  description: ""
  hardwareProfile: ""
  online: true
status:
  errorMessage: ""
  goodCredentials:
    credentials:
      name: node-0-bmc-secret
      namespace: metal3
    credentialsVersion: "802"
  hardware:
    cpu:
      count: 4
      model: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2630 v4 @ 2.20GHz
      speedGHz: 2.199996
      type: x86_64
    nics:
    - ip: 192.168.111.21
      mac: 00:c2:fc:3b:8e:b7
      model: 0x1af4 0x0001
      name: eth1
      network: Pod Networking
      speedGbps: 0
    - ip: 172.22.0.32
      mac: 00:c2:fc:3b:8e:b5
      model: 0x1af4 0x0001
      name: eth0
      network: Pod Networking
      speedGbps: 0
    ramGiB: 7
    storage:
    - hctl: "2:0:0:0"
      model: QEMU HARDDISK
      name: /dev/sda
      serialNumber: drive-scsi0-0-0-0
      sizeGiB: 50
      type: HDD
      vendor: QEMU
    systemVendor:
      manufacturer: Red Hat
      productName: KVM
      serialNumber: ""
  hardwareProfile: unknown
  lastUpdated: 2019-05-27T14:20:27Z
  operationalStatus: OK
  poweredOn: true
  provisioning:
    ID: 36dac1b9-a2ec-40b0-98b7-89dc13ca6e29
    image:
      checksum: ""
      url: ""
    state: ready

Provisioning a Machine

This section describes how to trigger provisioning of a host via Machine objects as part of the cluster-api integration. This uses Cluster API V1alpha1 and assumes that metal3-dev-env was deployed with the environment variable CAPI_VERSION set to v1alpha1.

First, run the create_machine.sh script to create a Machine. The argument is a name, and does not have any special meaning.

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$ ./scripts/v1alpha1/create_machine.sh centos

secret/centos-user-data created
machine.cluster.k8s.io/centos created

At this point, the Machine actuator will respond and try to claim a BareMetalHost for this Machine. You can check the logs of the actuator here:

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$ kubectl logs -n metal3 pod/cluster-api-provider-baremetal-controller-manager-0 -c manager

{“level”:”info”,”ts”:1557509343.85325,”logger”:”baremetal-controller-manager”,”msg”:”Found API group metal3.io/v1alpha1”}
{“level”:”info”,”ts”:1557509344.0471826,”logger”:”kubebuilder.controller”,”msg”:”Starting EventSource”,”controller”:”machine-controller”,”source”:”kind source: /, Kind=”}
{“level”:”info”,”ts”:1557509344.14783,”logger”:”kubebuilder.controller”,”msg”:”Starting Controller”,”controller”:”machine-controller”}
{“level”:”info”,”ts”:1557509344.248105,”logger”:”kubebuilder.controller”,”msg”:”Starting workers”,”controller”:”machine-controller”,”worker count”:1}
2019/05/10 17:32:33 Checking if machine centos exists.
2019/05/10 17:32:33 Machine centos does not exist.
2019/05/10 17:32:33 Creating machine centos .
2019/05/10 17:32:33 2 hosts available
2019/05/10 17:32:33 Associating machine centos with host node-1
2019/05/10 17:32:33 Finished creating machine centos .
2019/05/10 17:32:33 Checking if machine centos exists.
2019/05/10 17:32:33 Machine centos exists.
2019/05/10 17:32:33 Updating machine centos .
2019/05/10 17:32:33 Finished updating machine centos .

If you look at the yaml representation of the Machine, you will see a new annotation that identifies which BareMetalHost was chosen to satisfy this Machine request.

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$ kubectl get machine centos -n metal3 -o yaml

...
  annotations:
    metal3.io/BareMetalHost: metal3/node-1
...

You can also see in the list of BareMetalHosts that one of the hosts is now provisioned and associated with a Machine.

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$ kubectl get baremetalhosts -n metal3

NAME       STATUS    PROVISIONING STATUS   MACHINE   BMC                         HARDWARE PROFILE   ONLINE    ERROR
node-0     OK        ready                           ipmi://192.168.111.1:6230   unknown            true
node-1     OK        provisioning          centos    ipmi://192.168.111.1:6231   unknown            true

You should be able to ssh into your host once provisioning is complete. See the libvirt DHCP leases to find the IP address for the host that was provisioned. In this case, it’s node-1.

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$ sudo virsh net-dhcp-leases baremetal

 Expiry Time          MAC address        Protocol  IP address                Hostname        Client ID or DUID
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 2019-05-06 19:03:46  00:1c:cc:c6:29:39  ipv4      192.168.111.20/24         node-0          -
 2019-05-06 19:04:18  00:1c:cc:c6:29:3d  ipv4      192.168.111.21/24         node-1          -

The default user for the CentOS image is centos.

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ssh [email protected]

Deprovisioning is done just by deleting the Machine object.

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$ kubectl delete machine centos -n metal3

machine.cluster.k8s.io "centos" deleted

At this point you can see that the BareMetalHost is going through a deprovisioning process.

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$ kubectl get baremetalhosts -n metal3

NAME       STATUS   PROVISIONING STATUS   MACHINE   BMC                         HARDWARE PROFILE   ONLINE   ERROR
node-0     OK       ready                           ipmi://192.168.111.1:6230   unknown            true
node-1     OK       deprovisioning                  ipmi://192.168.111.1:6231   unknown            false

Provisioning a Cluster

The v1alpha2 deployment can be done with Ubuntu 18.04 or Centos 7 target host images.

Requirements

Dev env size

The requirements for the dev env machine are, when deploying Ubuntu target hosts:

  • 16GB of memory
  • 4 cpus

And when deploying Centos target hosts:

  • 32GB of memory
  • 4 cpus

The Minikube machine is deployed with 4GB of RAM, and 2 vCPUs, and the target hosts with 4 vCPUs and either 4GB of RAM (Ubuntu) or 8GB of RAM (Centos).

Environment variables

The following environment variables need to be set for Centos:

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export IMAGE_CHECKSUM=http://172.22.0.1/images/centos-updated.qcow2.md5sum
export IMAGE_NAME=centos-updated.qcow2
export CAPI_VERSION=v1alpha2
export IMAGE_URL=http://172.22.0.1/images/centos-updated.qcow2
export IMAGE_OS=Centos
export DEFAULT_HOSTS_MEMORY=8192

And the following environment variables need to be set for Ubuntu:

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export CAPI_VERSION=v1alpha2
export IMAGE_OS=Ubuntu
export DEFAULT_HOSTS_MEMORY=4096

Deploy the metal3 Dev env

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./01_prepare_host.sh
./02_configure_host.sh
./03_launch_mgmt_cluster.sh

Centos target hosts only, image update

If you want to deploy Ubuntu hosts, please skip to the next section.

If you want to deploy Centos 7 for the target hosts, the Centos 7 image requires an update of Cloud-init. An updated image can be downloaded here. You can replace the existing centos image with the following commands :

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curl -LO http://artifactory.nordix.org/artifactory/airship/images/centos.qcow2
mv centos.qcow2 /opt/metal3-dev-env/ironic/html/images/centos-updated.qcow2
md5sum /opt/metal3-dev-env/ironic/html/images/centos-updated.qcow2 | \
awk '{print $1}' > \
/opt/metal3-dev-env/ironic/html/images/centos-updated.qcow2.md5sum

Deploy the target cluster

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./scripts/v1alpha2/create_cluster.sh
./scripts/v1alpha2/create_controlplane.sh
./scripts/v1alpha2/create_worker.sh

Delete the target cluster

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kubectl delete cluster "${CLUSTER_NAME:-"test1"}" -n metal3

Directly Provisioning Bare Metal Hosts

It’s also possible to provision via the BareMetalHost interface directly without using the cluster-api integration.

There is a helper script available to trigger provisioning of one of these hosts. To provision a host with CentOS 7, run:

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$ ./provision_host.sh node-0

The BareMetalHost will go through the provisioning process, and will eventually reboot into the operating system we wrote to disk.

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$ kubectl get baremetalhost node-0 -n metal3
NAME       STATUS   PROVISIONING STATUS   MACHINE   BMC                         HARDWARE PROFILE   ONLINE   ERROR
node-0   OK       provisioned                     ipmi://192.168.111.1:6230   unknown            true

provision_host.sh will inject your SSH public key into the VM. To find the IP address, you can check the DHCP leases on the baremetal libvirt network.

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$ sudo virsh net-dhcp-leases baremetal

 Expiry Time          MAC address        Protocol  IP address                Hostname        Client ID or DUID
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 2019-05-06 19:03:46  00:1c:cc:c6:29:39  ipv4      192.168.111.20/24         node-0          -
 2019-05-06 19:04:18  00:1c:cc:c6:29:3d  ipv4      192.168.111.21/24         node-1          -

The default user for the CentOS image is centos.

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ssh [email protected]

There is another helper script to deprovision a host.

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$ ./deprovision_host.sh node-0

You will then see the host go into a deprovisioning status:

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$ kubectl get baremetalhost node-0 -n metal3
NAME       STATUS   PROVISIONING STATUS   MACHINE   BMC                         HARDWARE PROFILE   ONLINE   ERROR
node-0   OK       deprovisioning                  ipmi://192.168.111.1:6230   unknown            true

Running a Custom baremetal-operator

The baremetal-operator comes up running in the cluster by default, using an image built from the metal3-io/baremetal-operator github repository. If you’d like to test changes to the baremetal-operator, you can follow this process.

First, you must scale down the deployment of the baremetal-operator running in the cluster.

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kubectl scale deployment metal3-baremetal-operator -n metal3 --replicas=0

To be able to run baremetal-operator locally, you need to install operator-sdk https://github.com/operator-framework. After that, you can run the baremetal-operator including any custom changes.

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cd ~/go/src/github.com/metal3-io/baremetal-operator
make run

Running a Custom cluster-api-provider-baremetal

There are two cluster-api related managers running in the cluster. One includes set of generic controllers, and the other includes a custom Machine controller for baremetal. If you want to try changes to cluster-api-provider-baremetal, you want to shut down the custom Machine controller manager first.

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$ kubectl scale statefulset cluster-api-provider-baremetal-controller-manager -n metal3 --replicas=0

Then you can run the custom Machine controller manager out of your local git tree.

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cd ~/go/src/github.com/metal3-io/cluster-api-provider-baremetal
make run

Accessing the Ironic API

Sometimes you may want to look directly at Ironic to debug something. The metal3-dev-env repository contains a clouds.yaml file with connection settings for Ironic.

metal3-dev-env will install the openstack command line tool on the provisioning host as part of setting up the cluster. The openstack tool will look for clouds.yaml in the current directory or you can copy it to ~/.config/openstack/clouds.yaml. Version 3.19.0 or higher is needed to interact with Ironic using clouds.yaml.

Example:

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[[email protected] metal3-dev-env]$ export OS_CLOUD=metal3
[[email protected] metal3-dev-env]$ openstack baremetal node list
+--------------------------------------+--------+---------------+-------------+--------------------+-------------+
| UUID                                 | Name   | Instance UUID | Power State | Provisioning State | Maintenance |
+--------------------------------------+--------+---------------+-------------+--------------------+-------------+
| 882cf206-d688-43fa-bf4c-3282fcb00b12 | node-0 | None          | None        | enroll             | False       |
| ac257479-d6c6-47c1-a649-64a88e6ff312 | node-1 | None          | None        | enroll             | False       |
+--------------------------------------+--------+---------------+-------------+--------------------+-------------+

To view a particular node’s details, run the below command. The last_error, maintenance_reason, and provisioning_state fields are useful for troubleshooting to find out why a node did not deploy.

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[[email protected] metal3-dev-env]$ export OS_CLOUD=metal3
[[email protected] metal3-dev-env]$ openstack baremetal node show 882cf206-d688-43fa-bf4c-3282fcb00b12
+------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field                  | Value                                                      |
+------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| allocation_uuid        | None                                                       |
| automated_clean        | None                                                       |
| bios_interface         | no-bios                                                    |
| boot_interface         | ipxe                                                       |
| chassis_uuid           | None                                                       |
| clean_step             | {}                                                         |
| conductor              | localhost.localdomain                                      |
| conductor_group        |                                                            |
| console_enabled        | False                                                      |
| console_interface      | no-console                                                 |
| created_at             | 2019-10-07T19:37:36+00:00                                  |
| deploy_interface       | direct                                                     |
| deploy_step            | {}                                                         |
| description            | None                                                       |
| driver                 | ipmi                                                       |
| driver_info            | {u'ipmi_port': u'6230', u'ipmi_username': u'admin', u'deploy_kernel': u'http://172.22.0.2/images/ironic-python-agent.kernel', u'ipmi_address': u'192.168.111.1', u'deploy_ramdisk': u'http://172.22.0.2/images/ironic-python-agent.initramfs', u'ipmi_password': u'******'} |
| driver_internal_info   | {u'agent_enable_ata_secure_erase': True, u'agent_erase_devices_iterations': 1, u'agent_erase_devices_zeroize': True, u'disk_erasure_concurrency': 1, u'agent_continue_if_ata_erase_failed': False}                                                                          |
| extra                  | {}                                                         |
| fault                  | clean failure                                              |
| inspect_interface      | inspector                                                  |
| inspection_finished_at | None                                                       |
| inspection_started_at  | None                                                       |
| instance_info          | {}                                                         |
| instance_uuid          | None                                                       |
| last_error             | None                                                       |
| maintenance            | True                                                       |
| maintenance_reason     | Timeout reached while cleaning the node. Please check if the ramdisk responsible for the cleaning is running on the node. Failed on step {}.                                                                                                                                |
| management_interface   | ipmitool                                                   |
| name                   | master-0                                                   |
| network_interface      | noop                                                       |
| owner                  | None                                                       |
| power_interface        | ipmitool                                                   |
| power_state            | power on                                                   |
| properties             | {u'cpu_arch': u'x86_64', u'root_device': {u'name': u'/dev/sda'}, u'local_gb': u'50'}                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| protected              | False                                                      |
| protected_reason       | None                                                       |
| provision_state        | clean wait                                                 |
| provision_updated_at   | 2019-10-07T20:09:13+00:00                                  |
| raid_config            | {}                                                         |
| raid_interface         | no-raid                                                    |
| rescue_interface       | no-rescue                                                  |
| reservation            | None                                                       |
| resource_class         | baremetal                                                  |
| storage_interface      | noop                                                       |
| target_power_state     | None                                                       |
| target_provision_state | available                                                  |
| target_raid_config     | {}                                                         |
| traits                 | []                                                         |
| updated_at             | 2019-10-07T20:09:13+00:00                                  |
| uuid                   | 882cf206-d688-43fa-bf4c-3282fcb00b12                       |
| vendor_interface       | ipmitool                                                   |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+